The research area covers the western side of Upper Wharfedale, from around 180 m to 380 m above sea level. It lies within the Yorkshire Dales National Park, in an area of internationally important glaciokarst landscape.
Research by the University of Leeds School of Geography dated the evolution of river terraces along the Wharfe near the project area, and identified a band of heavy metal contamination from historic mining activity in the area (Howard et al 1998).
A glacial meltwater channel bisects the hillside above these terraces, running through the lower part of the research area.